President Franklin D. Roosevelt is shown in Washington, D.C., March 24, 1934, as he signed the Philippine Independence Bill in front of members of Congress who wrote the bill, and representatives from the Philippines. The bill would allow Philippine independence in ten to twelve years. From left to right: Sen. Joseph C. O'Mahoney; Secretary of War George Dern; Sen. Elpidio Quirino; Manuel Quezon, president of the Philippine senate; Sen. Millard F. Tydings; and Gen. C.F. Cox, Chief of Bureau of Insular Affairs. (AP Photo)