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(L-r) American senator Kenneth B. Keating, Berlin advisor of president Kennedy, General Lucius D. Clay, and the director of the international amends committee David Scher are standing at the Berlin Wall on 17th November 1962. All three came to Bonn and Berlin in the course of the conference of 'Atlantikbrücke' and of the 'American Council of Germany'. From the 13th August 1961, the day of the wall construction until the fall of the Berlin Wall on 9th November 1989 the Federal Republic of Germany and the GDR were split by an 'iron curtain' between east and west.